Understanding Refrigerated Freight: LTL vs STL vs PTL vs FTL

In the refrigerated transportation industry, not all freight moves the same. Choosing the right mode of transportation—whether Less Than Truckload (LTL), Small Truckload (STL), Partial Truckload (PTL), or Full Truckload (FTL)—can significantly impact cost, transit time, and product integrity.

Refrigerated LTL (Less Than Truckload)

LTL shipments typically range from 1 to 8 pallets and must remain under 6 feet in height. These shipments move through a network and are consolidated with other freight. This makes LTL a cost-effective option for smaller shipments, though it may involve more handling and longer transit times.

Refrigerated STL (Small Truckload)

STL shipments generally range from 8 to 14 pallets and are commonly transported using a 26-foot refrigerated straight truck. This mode offers more direct service with minimal handling, making it ideal for time-sensitive or “hot shot” deliveries.

Refrigerated PTL (Partial Truckload)

Partial truckload shipments typically range from 8 to 18 pallets and are often priced as a full truckload with a negotiated discount. In this arrangement, the shipper agrees to allow the carrier to utilize the remaining trailer space. PTL provides a strong balance between cost efficiency and transit speed.

Refrigerated FTL (Full Truckload)

Full truckload shipments can range from approximately 14 to 30 pallets depending on weight, dimensions, and configuration. FTL moves directly from origin to destination, offering the fastest transit times and the highest level of control, making it ideal for high-volume or sensitive freight.